A
Book Review by Christopher Draper
DO
you remember those wooden rulers on sale at Woolworths with the names
and dates of all the British Kings and Queens on the back? That was
the kind of history I learnt at school. Regrettably, a lot of
alternative history isn’t much better with a similar emphasis on
London-based leaders. I’ve always preferred to read about radical
lives and politics away from the metropolitan bubble and Andrew Lee’s
new history of Sheffield’s pioneering socialists and anarchists is
a perfect paradigm of “people’s history”.
ANDREW
Lee’s book embodies the ideals it chronicles with a beautiful cover
designed by libertarian socialist Walter Crane. The text is printed
on decent quality paper and it’s lavishly illustrated with numerous
portraits and political posters. Computer screens might usefully
churn out dry facts but Andrew Lee appreciates that wisdom is more
surely gained through a slow, aesthetically pleasing book-read and
there is a lot to mull over in “The Red Flag of Anarchy”.
Focussed
on the Sheffield scene from 1874 to 1900 the author depicts a rich
political culture created by predominantly working class activists of
every flavour. He doesn’t push any political line but the book is
suffused throughout its 178 pages with an inspiringly libertarian
spirit. Lee’s achievement is to conjure up a vivid picture of a
welcoming, inclusive yet militant socialist milieu. Activists who for
an all too brief moment managed to create the germ of a new society
within the shell of the old. An alternative society that created
communist colonies, embraced gay lifestyles, published a regular
anarchist newspaper, operated a “Commonwealth Café”, organised
picnics and ran raffles with books by Bellamy and Thoreau as prizes
or alternately “A Handsomely Framed Portrait of Ravachol”!
“The
Red Flag of Anarchy” is invaluable not just for its contents
but as an inspiration and model for socialists all around Britain to
get your shovel out and start digging down into your own local
libertarian past. I know from my own researches that there’s always
been far more going on out of London than our erstwhile chroniclers
would have us believe.
I
have just two criticisms which I hope Andrew might address in future
editions. The first is the absence of an index. This isn’t so much
of a handicap as it would be in a text-only volume as the extensive
contents list and numerous illustrations facilitate navigation but
digitisation makes compiling an index simple and speedy. Secondly I
would like some analysis of why Sheffield’s socialist oasis became
barren. At the end of the book Lee observes, “It was the end of an
era, everything was going to change…Parliamentary politics was to
become the order of the day” but it wasn’t inevitable, what
exactly occurred in Sheffield? My own research, for example, shows
that in Leicester all manner of socialists cooperated for years until
the foundation of the ILP in 1893. Thereafter Leicester ILP refused
to have any truck with local anarchists whose direct-action was
thought detrimental to attracting votes. ILP sectarianism thus
transformed Leicester’s lively socialism into bureaucratic
electoralism. Were the same forces at work in Sheffield?
If
we are ever to regain the radicalism and comradeship of early
socialism it’s crucial that we identify what went wrong last time.
Andrew Lee reminds us of an era when Labour Clubs were far more than
dreary drinking dens. Available from Amazon for £10.00, in my
opinion “The Red Flag of Anarchism” is the most valuable
and entertaining study of grass-roots, pioneering Anarchy in the UK
since John Quail’s classic “Slow Burning Fuse”.